What is the purpose of the collective pitch control in a helicopter?

The purpose of the collective pitch control in a helicopter is specifically to change the pitch of the main rotor blades. This function is crucial because it directly influences the amount of lift generated by the rotor system. When the pilot raises or lowers the collective pitch control, it simultaneously alters the angle of attack of all the rotor blades, which can increase or decrease lift.

Increasing the pitch allows the blades to bite more air, generating more lift and enabling the helicopter to ascend. Conversely, lowering the pitch reduces lift, which can lead to a descent. This control is essential for vertical takeoff and landing operations that are characteristic of helicopter flight.

In contrast, steering the helicopter relies on the cyclic control, not the collective, while controlling the tail rotor speed involves the anti-torque pedals. Adjusting the landing gear is not a function related to the rotor system and is mechanically independent from the flying controls.